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A baby carrot is an immature carrot; a baby cut carrot, known popularly thanks to effective marketing also as a "baby carrot", is a mature carrot that has been cut and peeled in the "baby-cut" style. These carrots are commonly ground up instead of actually being "made" into the baby carrots we know of today.
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The immature roots of the carrot plant are preferred by some people out of the belief that they are superior either in texture, nutrition or taste. They are sometimes harvested simply as the result of crop thinning, but are also grown to this size as a specialty crop. Certain cultivars of carrots have been bred to be used at the "baby" stage. One such cultivar is 'Amsterdam Forcing'. This process was developed at Beechnut Farms, bought by Zellwin Farms. These farms originally developed food for WWII, but wanted to sell food for civilians. A team of two led the research. From an interview, they were originally to be called "carettes". According to Dole, baby carrots are sweeter and more tender than full-grown carrots.
Taking waste from fully grown carrots and pressing them to make them smaller was the idea of California farmer Mike Yurosek. Yurosek was unhappy at having to discard carrot waste because of slight rotting or imperfections, and looked for a way to reclaim what would otherwise be a waste product, so he created the original baby carrot, branded "Bunny-Luv".